Copyright Guidelines

The complete United States Copyright Law of 1976, as amended (Title 17, U.S. 法典)，简称“1976年版权法”.”

• http://www.copyright.gov/title17/

The U.S. 版权局网站包括主要出版物, 信息通告, 版权登记申请表格, and links to the copyright law and the websites of other copyright-related organizations.

U.S. Copyright Circular 1, Copyright Basics, defines copyright, 什么是受版权保护的, 如何保障版权, 以及如何登记版权.

• http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ01.pdf

U.S. 版权局21号文包括版权法中有关合理使用和复制条款的一些最重要的立法规定和其他文件.

• http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ21.pdf

The DMCA updates U.S. copyright law to meet the demands of the digital age, conforms U.S. law to the requirements of two World Intellectual Property Organization treaties, 并解决其他与版权有关的问题. 

• http://www.copyright.gov/legislation/dmca.pdf

The TEACH Act, passed in 2002, 修订1976年版权法第110(2)条, 并扩大了受版权保护的材料的范围，这些材料可以通过认证的方式以数字方式表演或展示给远程教育, non-profit educational institutions that meet the TEACH Act’s qualifying requirements.

• http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgidbname = 107 _cong_bills&docid=f:s487es.txt.pdf

对以前的法律和新的TEACH法案之间的问题进行比较分析，并对新老的第110(2)条与面对面教学的“课堂豁免”进行对比.

Copyright is secured automatically when a work is created in a fixed form for the first time. 版权登记是一种旨在将特定版权的基本事实公开记录的法律程序. The following U.S. Copyright Office websites provide information on 什么是受版权保护的, 如何保障版权, 以及如何注册版权.

Copyright Basics

• http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ01.pdf

在美国注册版权.S. Copyright Office

• http://www.copyright.gov/registration/

美国版权法(美国编17)第107条.S. 代码)确定了其目的
the reproduction of a copyrighted work may be considered “fair” such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Section 107 also specifies four factors to be considered in determining whether or not a use is “fair.” 

• http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#107

Based on the four factors in the fair use provision of 美国版权法(美国编17)第107条.S. Code): purpose, nature, amount, and effect, 以下清单来自UNE图书馆服务，提供了一种分析工具，用于评估合理使用是否适用于版权作品的特定使用.

• UNE图书馆服务合理使用清单

以下是各组织制定的合理使用指南，以帮助在特定的教育和研究情况下应用这四个因素来确定特定格式的合理使用. 

教育工作者和图书馆员复制受版权保护作品的《正规澳门赌场网络》.S. Copyright Office. Circular 21

• http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ21.pdf

教育工作者和图书馆员在受版权保护的作品中复制“音乐教育用途指南”:美国.S. Copyright Office. Circular 21.

• http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ21.pdf

教育工作者和图书馆员在受版权保护的作品中复制“用于教育目的的广播节目的非空中录制指南”:美国.S. Copyright Office. Circular 21.

• http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ21.pdf

“Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia” : Consortium of College and University Media Centers, 1996

• http://archive.org/details/ERIC_ED401881

“A Proposal for Educational Fair Use Guidelines for Digital Images”: Conference on Fair Use (CONFU) draft, 1996

• http://library.law.columbia.edu/urlmirror/CVLAJLA/24CVLAJLA115/imagguid.htm

The U.S. 版权局合理使用索引是一个可搜索的法院意见数据库，旨在帮助个人更好地理解法院以前确定的公平或不公平的使用类型.

• http://www.copyright.gov/fair-use/index.html

版权作品在教学中的常见学术用途包括传统的面对面课堂、在线课堂和课程管理系统. 

“Know your Copy Rights: What you CAN Do”: Association of Research Libraries, 2007. A brochure for faculty, 涵盖合理使用评估, 链接到受版权保护的作品, 在课堂上展示或表演作品的规定, 还有一张图表，突出了具体的学术情况.

• http://www.knowyourcopyrights.org/resources-for-teaching-faculty/know-your-copy-rights-brochure.html

“在教学中使用版权作品-常见问题解答:第一部分:在传统面对面课堂中的使用”:研究型图书馆协会, 2007

• http://www.knowyourcopyrights.org/resources-for-teaching-faculty/frequently-asked-questions/uses-in-the-traditional-face-to-face-classroom.html

在教学中使用版权作品-常见问题解答:第二部分:在在线课堂/课程管理系统中的使用”:研究型图书馆协会, 2007

• http://knowyourcopyrights.org/resources-for-teaching-faculty/frequently-asked-questions/uses-in-the-online-classroom-course-management-system

“使用课程管理系统:遵守版权的指引和最佳做法”:版权清关中心

• http://www.copyright.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Using-Course-Management-Systems.pdf

“Linking to Full Text for Blackboard Courses”: UNE Libraries website

• 正规澳门赌场网络图书馆订阅电子期刊, books, and other resources for use by authorized University of New England users. License agreements for electronic resources define the terms and conditions of restricted use, 除了版权保护. 将授权电子期刊文章和电子书章节链接到网络CT课程的指南已发布在 UNE Libraries website.

If a copyrighted work does not meet the criteria for fair use or is not in the public domain, 必须获得版权所有者或有权代表版权所有者给予许可的人的许可. 使用前应获得书面许可, 直接从版权所有者或出版商, 或者来自授权机构.

申请许可的书面申请应包括:

• Detailed description of the copyrighted material you wish to use: author, title, publisher, date of publication, specific chapter, image, illustration, etc.
• Proposed use of the copyrighted material; duration of use
• 复制形式和发行方式
• Electronic environment (password protected, IP restricted, etc.)

Several organizations manage permissions for copyrighted works. 下列组织按材料类型划分.

版权清关中心

• 版权清算中心的学术许可服务获得使用受版权保护的印刷内容的许可, 电子版或纸质版的, for course packs, e-reserves, 课程管理系统, interlibrary loan, 以及其他课堂和教育用途:
  • http://www.copyright.com/academia/

Music that is not in the public domain and music performances in public require permission. 以下表演权组织为词曲作者创作和拥有的作品的公开表演收取许可费并分配版税, composers, lyricists, and music publishers.

• American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) 
  • http://www.ascap.com/help/ascap-licensing
• Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) 
  • http://www.bmi.com/licensing/?link=navbar
• SESAC
  • http://www.sesac.com/licensing/licensing.asp

Permission can be requested from the artist or photographer if the information is available. Selecting images and photos from a collection or database may simplify the permission process.

媒体图像资源联盟(MIRA)[为特定用途提供免版税或版权管理图像许可的合作机构.]

• http://www.mira.com/

电影授权公司[为确保电影公开放映符合版权规定而提供总揽许可的独立授权机构].]

• http://www.mplc.org/
• 公共领域和版权期限
  • 如果作品不再受版权保护或未能满足版权保护的要求，则该作品属于“公共领域”. Categories of works generally not eligible for federal copyright protection include, among others: U.S. Government works, ideas, facts, procedures, scientific principles, mathematic formulae, words, names, numbers, symbols, and standard charts or lists from public documents or common sources. Works in the public domain may be used freely without the permission of the former copyright owner.
• Duration of Copyright : Provisions of the Law Dealing with the Length of Copyright Protection: U.S. Copyright Office. Circular 15.
  • http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ15a.pdf
• “Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States” : Peter B. Hirtle, Cornell University Copyright Information Center [A chart outlining copyright terms, expirations, and conditions.]
  • http://copyright.cornell.edu/resources/publicdomain.cfm
• 如何调查一个作品的版权状态:U.S. Copyright Office. Circular 22.
  • http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ22.pdf

[This database makes searchable the copyright renewal records received by the U.S. Copyright Office between 1950 and 1992 for books published in the U.S. between 1923 and 1963. Note that the database includes ONLY US Class A (book) renewals.]

• http://collections.stanford.edu/copyrightrenewals/bin/page?forward=home

WATCH是一个为作家提供版权联系的数据库, artists, 以及其他创意领域的杰出人士. It is a joint project of the Harry Ransom Center and University of Reading Library in England. Founded in 1994 as a resource principally for copyright questions about literary manuscripts held in the U.S. and the U.K., it has now grown into one of the largest databases of copyright holders in the world.

• http://tyler.hrc.utexas.edu/

出版后免费提供的学术内容，不受大多数版权和许可限制，是“开放获取”.出版费用通常由作者或作者所在机构或资助来源支付.

Creative Commons is a nonprofit corporation that provides free licenses and
other legal tools to mark creative work with the freedom the creator wants it to carry, so others can share, remix, use commercially, 或者它们的任何组合.

• http://creativecommons.org/

所有由BioMed Central发表的原创研究文章, a science, technology, and medicine publisher, are made freely and permanently accessible online immediately upon publication.

• http://www.biomedcentral.com/info/

公共科学图书馆是一个非营利性组织，致力于使世界科学和医学文献成为公共资源. 公共科学图书馆的期刊可以立即在线获取, with no charges for access and no restrictions on subsequent redistribution or use, 只要引用了作者和来源.

• http://www.plos.org/about

DOAJ是一个学术目录, 同行评议的开放获取期刊, and users can read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, 或链接到文章的全文.

• http://www.doaj.org/